Federate custom emojis with accounts

* Don't normalize URLs in toots

URL normalization is ill-defined and may cause certain links to break.

* Change specs since we are not normalizing user-provided URLs

* Sanitize classlist properly

* Actually properly sanitize every class after the first

* Improve Formatter spec to check for multiple classes and non-space whitespace

* Custom emoji

- In OStatus: `<link rel="emoji" name="coolcat" href="http://..." />`
- In ActivityPub: `{ type: "Emoji", name: ":coolcat:", href: "http://..." }`
- In REST API: Status object includes `emojis` array (`shortcode`, `url`)
- Domain blocks with reject media stop emojis
- Emoji file up to 50KB
- Web UI handles custom emojis
- Static pages render custom emojis as `<img />` tags

Side effects:

- Undo #4500 optimization, as I needed to modify it to restore
  shortcode handling in emojify()
- Formatter#plaintext should now make sure stripped out line-breaks
  and paragraphs are replaced with newlines

* Fix emoji at the start not being converted

* Decouple Status#local? from uri being nil

* Replace on-the-fly URI generation with stored URIs

- Generate URI in after_save hook for local statuses
- Use static value in TagManager when available, fallback to tag format
- Make TagManager use ActivityPub::TagManager to understand new format
- Adjust tests

* Use other heuristic for locality of old statuses, do not perform long query

* Exclude tombstone stream entries from Atom feed

* Prevent nil statuses from landing in Pubsubhubbub::DistributionWorker

* Fix URI not being saved (#4818)

* Add more specs for Status

* Save generated uri immediately

and also fix method order to minimize diff.

* Fix alternate HTML URL in Atom

* Fix tests

* Remove not-null constraint from statuses migration to speed it up

* Whitelist allowed classes for federated statuses

Allowed classes are currently:

 - Any microformats class (h/p/u/dt/e-*)
 - the classes mention, hashtag, ellipses and invisible.

this last one is somewhat suspect, but Mastodon currently uses it to render hidden link text.

resolved #3790

* Fix code style

* Remove some arguments of Formatter.instance.format

* Improve spec for Formatter

Resolve #3270

so that when a reblog parse fails on another instance, it doesn't
look like a misattributed/stolen text

* Fix regressions from #2683

Properly format spoiler text HTML, while keeping old logic for blankness intact
Process hashtags and mentions in spoiler text
Format spoiler text for Atom
Change "show more" toggle into a button instead of anchor
Fix style regression on dropdowns for detailed statuses

* Fix lint issue

* Convert spoiler text to plaintext in desktop notifications

* fix character escaping in URL

* add tests

* put a comma after the last item

* add HTML escape test

Try to fix Travis CI setup

affected, replaced onClick handler with onMouseUp/Down to detect text
selection not trigger onClick handler then

to sign in page after sign up instead of root path which redirects to /about

as well as formatting of content